difference between optical isolator and circulator

In present optical networks, ferrimagnetic garnet oxide crystals such as Y3Fe5O12 (YIG) and (GdBi)3Fe5Ob are used as magneto-optical materials for discrete optical isolators. At the entrance polarizer, the polarization is 90 degree to the polarizer axis and the light is fully blocked. In backward direction, the direction of polarization rotation is opposite to that in forward direction due the non-reciprocal nature of the magneto-optical effect. Therefore, the light can pass through the isolator in forward direction. In forward direction the polarization of light is 45 degree rotated by the Faraday rotator to be along the axis of the exit polarizer. The angle between axes of entrance polarizer and exit polarizer is 45 degree degrees.

The conventional bulk-type optical isolator consists of a 45-degree Faraday rotator placed between two polarizers. These values are comparable or better to that of commercial discrete isolators. For (Cd,Mn)Te waveguide with (Cd,Zn)Te grown on GaAs substrate we achieved a high Faraday rotation of 2000 deg/cm, a high isolation ratio of 27 dB, a low optical loss of 0.5 dB/cm, and a high magneto-optical figure-of-merit of 2000 deg/dB/kG in a wide 25-nm wavelength range. The (Cd,Mn)Te exhibits a huge Faraday effect and can be grown on a semiconductor substrate. We proposed to use (Cd,Mn)Te as a magneto-optical material for such isolator. The isolator for a monolithic integrationĪt present, there is a significant commercial demand for optical isolator and circulator, which could be integrated into photonic integrated circuit. Enhancement of Transverse MO for plasmonsĬdMnTe integrated optical isolator.Optical excitation of spin-polarized electrons utilizing transverse MO.Calculations of transverse MO effect in the case of multilayer structure.Two contributions to transverse MO effect.Experimental observation of transverse MO effect.Voltage- controlled magnetism (VCMA effect).

Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA).

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Difference between optical isolator and circulator